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<title>Launched roller coaster</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Launched roller coaster</span></span>

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The <b>launched roller coaster</b> is a type of <a href="Roller_coaster" title="Roller coaster">roller coaster</a> that initiates a ride with high amounts of acceleration via one or a series of <a href="Linear_induction_motor" title="Linear induction motor">linear induction motors</a> (LIM), <a href="Linear_synchronous_motor" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear synchronous motor">linear synchronous motors</a> (LSM), <a href="Catapult" title="Catapult">catapults</a>, tires, chains, or other mechanisms employing <a href="Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">hydraulic</a> or <a href="Pneumatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pneumatic">pneumatic</a> power, along a <a href="Launch_track" title="Launch track">launch track</a>. This mode of acceleration powers many of the fastest roller coasters in the world. </p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electromagnetic">Electromagnetic</h2></div>

<p>Linear induction motor (LIM) and linear synchronous motor (LSM) coasters use propulsion via <a href="Electromagnet" title="Electromagnet">electromagnets</a>, which utilize large amounts of electricity to propel the coaster train along its track into the ride elements (e.g. inversions, twists, turns and short drops). There are many design companies managing these types of rides such as <a href="Vekoma" title="Vekoma">Vekoma</a>, <a href="Intamin" title="Intamin">Intamin</a>, <a href="Gerstlauer" title="Gerstlauer">Gerstlauer</a>, <a href="Premier_Rides" title="Premier Rides">Premier Rides</a>, <a href="Maurer_AG" title="Maurer AG">Maurer</a>, <a href="Zierer" title="Zierer">Zierer</a>, <a href="Mack_Rides" title="Mack Rides">Mack Rides</a>, <a href="Bolliger_%26_Mabillard" title="Bolliger & Mabillard">Bolliger & Mabillard</a>, <a href="Rocky_Mountain_Construction" title="Rocky Mountain Construction">Rocky Mountain Construction</a> and <a href="S%26S_Worldwide" class="mw-redirect" title="S&S Worldwide">S&S Worldwide</a>. Both Rocky Mountain Construction and Bolliger & Mabillard established their first LSM launched coasters recently with the RMC Topper Track Coaster, Lightning Rod, at Dollywood, and B&M's wingrider, Thunderbird, at HolidayWorld.

</p><p>An example of an LSM launched roller coaster is <a href="Maverick_(roller_coaster)" title="Maverick (roller coaster)">Maverick</a> at <a href="Cedar_Point" title="Cedar Point">Cedar Point</a> in Sandusky, Ohio.

</p><p>These launch systems transfer electricity through a motor on the roller coaster's track so that it controls the speed at which it will urge the cars and train either forward or backward on a segment. LIMs are mainly used in <a href="Premier_Rides" title="Premier Rides">Premier Rides</a> roller coasters and <a href="Intamin" title="Intamin">Intamin</a> impulse and blitz coasters. However, LIMs can also be used for general transport, such as the <a href="Tomorrowland_Transit_Authority_PeopleMover" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomorrowland Transit Authority PeopleMover">Tomorrowland Transit Authority PeopleMover</a> in <a href="Magic_Kingdom" title="Magic Kingdom">Magic Kingdom</a> or monorail and <a href="Maglev" title="Maglev">maglev</a> trains.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fluid_pressure">Fluid pressure</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydraulic_fluid">Hydraulic fluid</h3></div>

<p><a href="Hydraulic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic">Hydraulic</a>-launched roller coasters, pioneered by <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Swiss</a> manufacturer <a href="Intamin" title="Intamin">Intamin</a>, give the riders greater acceleration with improved smoothness over the electromagnetic and catapult launch mechanisms.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The acceleration from a hydraulic launch is greatest at the beginning and dies off rapidly, but the acceleration from a LIM/LSM launch remains fairly constant throughout the duration of the launch.

</p><p>The core of the system involves powerful hydraulic pumps, usually eight, that are each capable of producing approximately 500 <a href="Horsepower" title="Horsepower">horsepower</a> (373 kW).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="Kingda_Ka" title="Kingda Ka">Kingda Ka</a>'s configuration, the system was able to produce a peak power of up to 20,800 hp (15.5 MW) for each launch. <a href="Hydraulic_fluid" title="Hydraulic fluid">Hydraulic fluid</a> is pumped into several different <a href="Hydraulic_accumulator" title="Hydraulic accumulator">hydraulic accumulators</a> – energy storing devices – containing two compartments that are separated by a <a href="Piston" title="Piston">piston</a>. As the incompressible hydraulic fluid is pumped into one compartment, <a href="Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> in the other compartment is compressed. At launch, the fluid under pressure from the accumulators is used to drive a number of <a href="Hydraulic_motor" title="Hydraulic motor">hydraulic motors</a> (commonly 16 or 32), which spin a large <a href="Winch" title="Winch">winch drum</a> that rewinds a cable attached to the lead car of the train, called the catch-car, in a matter of seconds. The cable runs under the <a href="Launch_track" title="Launch track">launch track</a>, and the catch-car moves along a groove in the track's center.

</p><p>The motor is positioned at the opposite end of the catch-car on the launch track. While the train inches forward into a ready position, the pusher mechanism moves back from the motor toward the train. Once the pusher connects, the anti-rollback <a href="Brake" title="Brake">braking</a> system drops beneath the track, giving the train the green light to be launched.

</p><p>The first hydraulic launch coaster was <a href="Xcelerator" title="Xcelerator">Xcelerator</a> reaching 82 mph (132 km/h) in 2.3 seconds. Kingda Ka at <a href="Six_Flags_Great_Adventure" title="Six Flags Great Adventure">Six Flags Great Adventure</a>, was capable of reaching 128 mph (206 km/h) in 3.5 seconds. The fastest roller coaster in the world, <a href="Formula_Rossa" title="Formula Rossa">Formula Rossa</a>, reaches 149 mph (240 km/h) in 4 seconds using the hydraulic method.

</p><p><a href="Accelerator_Coasters" class="mw-redirect" title="Accelerator Coasters">Accelerator Coasters</a> manufactured by <a href="Intamin" title="Intamin">Intamin</a> commonly place a <a href="Top_hat_(roller_coaster_element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Top hat (roller coaster element)">top hat element</a> after the launch, which is a hill in the shape of a tower with a 90-degree ascent and 90-degree drop. Trains enter and exit this element in opposite directions. <a href="Top_Thrill_Dragster" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Thrill Dragster">Top Thrill Dragster</a>, built in 2003, includes this element followed by a brake run, while Kingda Ka, built in 2005, adds a 129 ft (39 m) airtime hill before the final brake run. Some hydraulic coaster layouts omit the top hat element altogether. Another manufacturer, <a href="Vekoma" title="Vekoma">Vekoma</a>, began producing hydraulic-launched coasters in 2004 with the opening of <a href="Booster_Bike" title="Booster Bike">Booster Bike</a> at <a href="Toverland" title="Toverland">Toverland</a> in the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, reaching speeds up to 47 mph (76 km/h).

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pneumatic_(compressed_air)">Pneumatic (compressed air)</h3></div>

<p>Using the same type of system as a hydraulic launch, a pneumatic launch uses compressed air to launch the vehicle. The technology was developed by <a href="S%26S_-_Sansei_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="S&S - Sansei Technologies">S&S</a> as the <i><a href="Thrust_Air_2000" title="Thrust Air 2000">Thrust Air 2000</a></i> model. The first coaster of this type was the <i><a href="Hypersonic_XLC" title="Hypersonic XLC">Hypersonic XLC</a></i>, opened at <a href="Kings_Dominion" title="Kings Dominion">Kings Dominion</a> in Doswell, Virginia, USA in 2001. This coaster closed in 2007. Another incarnation, the <a href="Ring_Racer" title="Ring Racer">Ring Racer</a>, was open for only 4 days. Compressed air launches are able to provide more acceleration than traditional pneumatic launches, with <a href="Do-Dodonpa" title="Do-Dodonpa">Do-Dodonpa</a> at <a href="Fuji-Q_Highland" title="Fuji-Q Highland">Fuji-Q Highland</a> in Japan having held the acceleration record from when it opened as Dodonpa in 2001 until its closure in 2024, launching passengers from 0 to 112 mph (180 km/h) in 1.56 seconds (this record is now held by <a href="Maxx_Force" title="Maxx Force">Maxx Force</a> at <a href="Six_Flags_Great_America" title="Six Flags Great America">Six Flags Great America</a>, USA). S&S has brought back pneumatic launches in China with OCT Thrust SSC1000 and Bullet Coaster at <a href="Happy_Valley_Wuhan" title="Happy Valley Wuhan">Happy Valley Wuhan</a> and <a href="Happy_Valley_Shenzhen" title="Happy Valley Shenzhen">Happy Valley Shenzhen</a> respectively. <a href="Maxx_Force" title="Maxx Force">Maxx Force</a> at <a href="Six_Flags_Great_America" title="Six Flags Great America">Six Flags Great America</a> marked the return of pneumatic launches in the United States.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_styles">Other styles</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eddy_current_launcher_(LEM)">Eddy current launcher (LEM)</h3></div>

<p>Magnets are placed under the cars and a series of <a href="Flywheels" class="mw-redirect" title="Flywheels">flywheels</a> coupled to aluminum discs is in the launch zone: there is no contact between the two. The system can be used also for speed up intermediate launchers, and for braking, with static aluminum blades, at the end of the ride. Thanks to the energy stored in the flywheels, the power demand for launching is flat. Two operating examples of this technique are the <i>Drifter</i> at Sochi Park in the Sochi Olimpic Park and at FunWorks, Abu Dhabi (manufacturer I.E.Park<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catapult">Catapult</h3></div>

<p>In the catapult launch, a dropped weight winds a cable to pull the train until it accelerates to its full speed. Dropped weights were used in early installations of <a href="Shuttle_Loop" title="Shuttle Loop">Shuttle Loop</a>.

</p><p>These rides are often not very tall, and usually achieve speeds of 60 mph (96 km/h).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flywheel">Flywheel</h3></div>

<p>Flywheel launches are used on some <a href="Anton_Schwarzkopf" title="Anton Schwarzkopf">Anton Schwarzkopf</a> designed <a href="Shuttle_roller_coaster" title="Shuttle roller coaster">shuttle</a> loop coasters and <a href="Zamperla" title="Zamperla">Zamperla</a> <a href="Motocoaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Motocoaster">Motocoasters</a>. A large <a href="Flywheel" title="Flywheel">flywheel</a> is spun at high speeds and is attached to a cable that propels the train forward.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electric_motor_and_spring_tension">Electric motor and spring tension</h3></div>

<p>Arrow Dynamics' Launched Loop coasters, which were popular in the 1970s and 1980s, use a powerful electric motor and tensioned springs to propel a launch car forward. The launch car pushes the train outward to a drop, and then returns to its position. After the train reaches the opposite platform, another catch car works the same way. An example of this is <a href="Irn_Bru_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Irn Bru Revolution">Irn Bru Revolution</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friction_wheels">Friction wheels</h3></div>

<p>Another type of launch is by <a href="Drive_tire" class="mw-redirect" title="Drive tire">friction wheels</a>. The launch track consists of a series of horizontal tires that pinch the brake fins on the underside of the train. One example of this is the <i><a href="Incredible_Hulk_Coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Incredible Hulk Coaster">Incredible Hulk Coaster</a></i> at Universal's <a href="Islands_of_Adventure" class="mw-redirect" title="Islands of Adventure">Islands of Adventure</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia"><a href="Australia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Australia (country)">Australia</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Jet_Rescue" title="Jet Rescue">Jet Rescue</a> (<a href="Sea_World_(Australia)" title="Sea World (Australia)">Sea World</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Motocoaster_(Dreamworld)" title="Motocoaster (Dreamworld)">Motocoaster</a> (<a href="Dreamworld_(Australian_theme_park)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamworld (Australian theme park)">Dreamworld</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Steel_Taipan" title="Steel Taipan">Steel Taipan</a> (<a href="Dreamworld_(Australian_theme_park)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamworld (Australian theme park)">Dreamworld</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Surfrider" class="mw-redirect" title="Surfrider">Surfrider</a> (<a href="Wet'n'Wild_Gold_Coast" title="Wet'n'Wild Gold Coast">Wet'n'Wild Gold Coast</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Superman_Escape" title="Superman Escape">Superman Escape</a> (<a href="Warner_Bros._Movie_World" title="Warner Bros. Movie World">Warner Bros. Movie World</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Tower_of_Terror_II" title="Tower of Terror II">Tower of Terror II</a> (<a href="Dreamworld_(Australian_theme_park)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamworld (Australian theme park)">Dreamworld</a>) <i>(removed)</i></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belgium"><a href="Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></h3></div>

<ul><li>Anubis The Ride (<a href="Plopsaland" class="mw-redirect" title="Plopsaland">Plopsaland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Fury_(roller_coaster)" title="Fury (roller coaster)">Fury</a> (<a href="Bobbejaanland" title="Bobbejaanland">Bobbejaanland</a>)</li>

<li>Psyké Underground (Walibi Belgium)</li>

<li><a href="Pulsar_(Walibi_Belgium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulsar (Walibi Belgium)">Pulsar</a> (<a href="Walibi_Belgium" title="Walibi Belgium">Walibi Belgium</a>)</li>

<li><a href="The_Ride_to_Happiness" title="The Ride to Happiness">The Ride to Happiness</a> (Plopsaland)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil"><a href="Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Katapul" class="mw-redirect" title="Katapul">Katapul</a> (<a href="Hopi_Hari" title="Hopi Hari">Hopi Hari</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada"><a href="Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="AlpenFury" title="AlpenFury">AlpenFury</a> (<a href="Canada's_Wonderland" title="Canada's Wonderland">Canada's Wonderland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Back_Lot_Stunt_Coaster_(Canada's_Wonderland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Back Lot Stunt Coaster (Canada's Wonderland)">Back Lot Stunt Coaster</a> (<a href="Canada's_Wonderland" title="Canada's Wonderland">Canada's Wonderland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="ThunderVolt" title="ThunderVolt">ThunderVolt</a> (<a href="Playland_(Vancouver)" title="Playland (Vancouver)">Playland</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China"><a href="China" title="China">China</a></h3></div>

<ul><li>Battle of Blue Fire (<a href="Quancheng_Euro_Park" title="Quancheng Euro Park">Quancheng Euro Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Decepticoaster" title="Decepticoaster">Decepticoaster</a> (<a href="Universal_Studios_Beijing" title="Universal Studios Beijing">Universal Studios Beijing</a>)</li>

<li>Legendary Twin Dragon (Chongqing Sunac Land)</li>

<li>Light Of Revenge (<a href="Happy_Valley_Nanjing" title="Happy Valley Nanjing">Happy Valley Nanjing</a>)</li>

<li>Hurricane Roller Coaster (Suzhou Amusement Land Forest World)</li>

<li>OCT Thrust SSC1000 (<a href="Happy_Valley_Wuhan" title="Happy Valley Wuhan">Happy Valley Wuhan</a>)</li>

<li><a href="RC_Racer" title="RC Racer">RC Racer</a> (<a href="Shanghai_Disneyland" title="Shanghai Disneyland">Shanghai Disneyland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Tron_Lightcycle_Power_Run" title="Tron Lightcycle Power Run">Tron Lightcycle Power Run</a> (<a href="Shanghai_Disneyland" title="Shanghai Disneyland">Shanghai Disneyland</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark"><a href="Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></h3></div>

<ul><li>Juvelen (<a href="Djurs_Sommerland" title="Djurs Sommerland">Djurs Sommerland</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland"><a href="Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Half_Pipe_(roller_coaster)" title="Half Pipe (roller coaster)">Half Pipe Coaster</a> (<a href="S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a>) (defunct)</li>

<li>Motogee (<a href="S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Taiga_(roller_coaster)" title="Taiga (roller coaster)">Taiga</a> (<a href="Linnanm%C3%A4ki" title="Linnanmäki">Linnanmäki</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Junker_(roller_coaster)" title="Junker (roller coaster)">Junker</a> (<a href="PowerPark" title="PowerPark">PowerPark</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="France"><a href="France" title="France">France</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Toutatis_(roller_coaster)" title="Toutatis (roller coaster)">Toutatis</a> (<a href="Parc_Ast%C3%A9rix" title="Parc Astérix">Parc Astérix</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Objectif_Mars" title="Objectif Mars">Objectif Mars</a> (<a href="Futuroscope" title="Futuroscope">Futuroscope</a>)</li>

<li><a href="RC_Racer" title="RC Racer">RC Racer</a> (<a href="Walt_Disney_Studios_Park" title="Walt Disney Studios Park">Walt Disney Studios Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Rock_'n'_Roller_Coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock 'n' Roller Coaster">Rock 'n' Roller Coaster</a> (<a href="Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a>) <i>(closed)</i></li>

<li><a href="Star_Wars_Hyperspace_Mountain" title="Star Wars Hyperspace Mountain">Star Wars Hyperspace Mountain</a> (<a href="Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany"><a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Blue_Fire" title="Blue Fire">Blue Fire Megacoaster</a> (<a href="Europa-Park" title="Europa-Park">Europa-Park</a>)</li>

<li>Desert Race (<a href="Heide_Park" title="Heide Park">Heide Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Escape_of_Novgorod" title="Escape of Novgorod">Flucht von Novgorod</a> (<a href="Hansa-Park" title="Hansa-Park">Hansa-Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="F.L.Y._(roller_coaster)" title="F.L.Y. (roller coaster)">F.L.Y.</a> (<a href="Phantasialand" title="Phantasialand">Phantasialand</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Karacho" title="Karacho">Karacho</a> (<a href="Erlebnispark_Tripsdrill" title="Erlebnispark Tripsdrill">Erlebnispark Tripsdrill</a>)</li>

<li>Movie Park Studio Tour (<a href="Movie_Park_Germany" title="Movie Park Germany">Movie Park Germany</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Ring%C2%B0racer" class="mw-redirect" title="Ring°racer">ring°racer</a> (<a href="N%C3%BCrburgring" title="Nürburgring">Nürburgring</a>) <i>(<a href="List_of_defunct_amusement_parks" title="List of defunct amusement parks">defunct</a>)</i></li>

<li>Sky Scream (<a href="Holiday_Park%2C_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Holiday Park, Germany">Holiday Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Star_Trek%3A_Operation_Enterprise" title="Star Trek: Operation Enterprise">Star Trek: Operation Enterprise</a> (<a href="Movie_Park_Germany" title="Movie Park Germany">Movie Park Germany</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Taron_(roller_coaster)" title="Taron (roller coaster)">Taron</a> (<a href="Phantasialand" title="Phantasialand">Phantasialand</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Voltron_Nevera_(roller_coaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Voltron Nevera (roller coaster)">Voltron Nevera</a> (<a href="Europa-Park" title="Europa-Park">Europa-Park</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="RC_Racer" title="RC Racer">RC Racer</a> (<a href="Hong_Kong_Disneyland" title="Hong Kong Disneyland">Hong Kong Disneyland</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy"><a href="Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="ISpeed" title="ISpeed">ISpeed</a> (<a href="Mirabilandia_(Italy)" title="Mirabilandia (Italy)">Mirabilandia</a>)</li>

<li>Shock (Rainbow MagicLand)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan"><a href="Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Do-Dodonpa" title="Do-Dodonpa">Do-Dodonpa</a> (<a href="Fuji-Q_Highland" title="Fuji-Q Highland">Fuji-Q Highland</a>) <i>(Removed)</i></li>

<li><a href="Takabisha" title="Takabisha">Takabisha</a> (<a href="Fuji-Q_Highland" title="Fuji-Q Highland">Fuji-Q Highland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Shuttle_Loop_(Nagashima_Spa_Land)" title="Shuttle Loop (Nagashima Spa Land)">Shuttle Loop</a> (<a href="Nagashima_Spa_Land" title="Nagashima Spa Land">Nagashima Spa Land</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands"><a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Booster_Bike" title="Booster Bike">Booster Bike</a> (<a href="Toverland" title="Toverland">Amusement Park Toverland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Formule_X" title="Formule X">Formule X</a> (Drievliet)</li>

<li><a href="Gold_Rush_(Slagharen)" title="Gold Rush (Slagharen)">Gold Rush</a> (<a href="Attractiepark_Slagharen" title="Attractiepark Slagharen">Slagharen</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Xpress%3A_Platform_13" title="Xpress: Platform 13">Xpress: Platform 13</a> (<a href="Walibi_Holland" title="Walibi Holland">Walibi Holland</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway"><a href="Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Speed_Monster" class="mw-redirect" title="Speed Monster">Speed Monster</a> (<a href="Tusenfryd" title="Tusenfryd">Tusenfryd</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poland"><a href="Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Abyssus" title="Abyssus">Abyssus</a> (<a href="Energylandia" title="Energylandia">Energylandia</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Formu%C5%82a_(Energylandia)" title="Formuła (Energylandia)">Formuła</a> (Energylandia)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saudi_Arabia"><a href="Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Falcons_Flight" title="Falcons Flight">Falcons Flight</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Qiddiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Six Flags Qiddiya">Six Flags Qiddiya</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Singapore"><a href="Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Battlestar_Galactica%3A_Human_vs._Cylon" title="Battlestar Galactica: Human vs. Cylon">Battlestar Galactica: Human vs. Cylon</a> (<a href="Universal_Studios_Singapore" title="Universal Studios Singapore">Universal Studios Singapore</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Africa"><a href="South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Golden_Loop" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Loop">Golden Loop</a> (<a href="Gold_Reef_City" title="Gold Reef City">Gold Reef City</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spain"><a href="Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></h3></div>

<ul><li>Batman: Gotham City Escape (<a href="Parque_Warner_Madrid" title="Parque Warner Madrid">Parque Warner Madrid</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Furius_Baco" title="Furius Baco">Furius Baco</a> (<a href="PortAventura_Park" title="PortAventura Park">Port Aventura's Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Red_Force_(roller_coaster)" title="Red Force (roller coaster)">Red Force</a> (<a href="Ferrari_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari Land">Ferrari Land</a>)</li>

<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncharted:_El_Enigma_de_Penitence" class="extiw external" title="es:Uncharted: El Enigma de Penitence">Uncharted: El Enigma de Penitence</a> (<a href="PortAventura_Park" title="PortAventura Park">Port Aventura's Park</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden"><a href="Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></h3></div>

<ul><li><a href="Helix_(roller_coaster)" title="Helix (roller coaster)">Helix</a> (<a href="Liseberg" title="Liseberg">Liseberg</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Kanonen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanonen">Kanonen</a> (<a href="Liseberg" title="Liseberg">Liseberg</a>) <i>(removed)</i></li></ul>

<ul><li>Madagascar Mad Pursuit (<a href="Motiongate_Dubai" title="Motiongate Dubai">Motiongate</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Formula_Rossa" title="Formula Rossa">Formula Rossa</a> (<a href="Ferrari_World_Abu_Dhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari World Abu Dhabi">Ferrari World</a>)</li>

<li>Turbo Track (<a href="Ferrari_World_Abu_Dhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari World Abu Dhabi">Ferrari World</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Revolution_(Blackpool_Pleasure_Beach)" title="Revolution (Blackpool Pleasure Beach)">Revolution</a> (<a href="Blackpool_Pleasure_Beach" title="Blackpool Pleasure Beach">Blackpool Pleasure Beach</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Rita_(roller_coaster)" title="Rita (roller coaster)">Rita</a> (<a href="Alton_Towers" title="Alton Towers">Alton Towers</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Icon_(roller_coaster)" title="Icon (roller coaster)">Icon</a> (<a href="Blackpool_Pleasure_Beach" title="Blackpool Pleasure Beach">Blackpool Pleasure Beach</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Velocity_(roller_coaster)" class="mw-redirect" title="Velocity (roller coaster)">Velocity</a> (<a href="Flamingo_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Flamingo Land">Flamingo Land</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Stealth_(roller_coaster)" title="Stealth (roller coaster)">Stealth</a> (<a href="Thorpe_Park" title="Thorpe Park">Thorpe Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Mandrill_Mayhem" title="Mandrill Mayhem">Mandrill Mayhem</a> (<a href="Chessington_World_of_Adventures" title="Chessington World of Adventures">Chessington</a>)</li></ul>

<ul><li>Avatar Airbender (<a href="Nickelodeon_Universe_Mall_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickelodeon Universe Mall of America">Nickelodeon Universe Mall of America</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Backlot_Stunt_Coaster" title="Backlot Stunt Coaster">Backlot Stunt Coaster</a> (<a href="Kings_Dominion" title="Kings Dominion">Kings Dominion</a>) (<a href="Kings_Island" title="Kings Island">Kings Island</a>) (<a href="Canada's_Wonderland" title="Canada's Wonderland">Canada's Wonderland</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Cheetah_Hunt" title="Cheetah Hunt">Cheetah Hunt</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Tampa_Bay" title="Busch Gardens Tampa Bay">Busch Gardens Tampa Bay</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Copperhead_Strike" title="Copperhead Strike">Copperhead Strike</a> (<a href="Carowinds" title="Carowinds">Carowinds</a>)</li>

<li><a href="DarKoaster%3A_Escape_The_Storm" title="DarKoaster: Escape The Storm">DarKoaster: Escape The Storm</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Williamsburg" title="Busch Gardens Williamsburg">Busch Gardens Williamsburg</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Flight_of_Fear" title="Flight of Fear">Flight of Fear</a> (<a href="Kings_Dominion" title="Kings Dominion">Kings Dominion</a>) (<a href="Kings_Island" title="Kings Island">Kings Island</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Full_Throttle_(Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Full Throttle (Six Flags Magic Mountain)">Full Throttle</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain" title="Six Flags Magic Mountain">Six Flags Magic Mountain</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Guardians_of_the_Galaxy%3A_Cosmic_Rewind" title="Guardians of the Galaxy: Cosmic Rewind">Guardians of the Galaxy: Cosmic Rewind</a> (<a href="Epcot" title="Epcot">Epcot</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Half_Pipe_(roller_coaster)" title="Half Pipe (roller coaster)">Half Pipe Coaster</a> (<a href="Elitch_Gardens_Theme_Park" title="Elitch Gardens Theme Park">Elitch Gardens</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Harry_Potter_and_the_Escape_from_Gringotts" title="Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts">Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts</a> (<a href="Universal_Studios_Florida" title="Universal Studios Florida">Universal Studios Florida</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Hagrid's_Magical_Creatures_Motorbike_Adventure" title="Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure">Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure</a> (<a href="Universal_Islands_of_Adventure" title="Universal Islands of Adventure">Universal Islands of Adventure</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Ice_Breaker_(roller_coaster)" title="Ice Breaker (roller coaster)">Ice Breaker</a> (<a href="SeaWorld_Orlando" title="SeaWorld Orlando">SeaWorld Orlando</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Incredible_Hulk_Coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Incredible Hulk Coaster">Incredible Hulk Coaster</a> (<a href="Universal_Islands_of_Adventure" title="Universal Islands of Adventure">Universal Islands of Adventure</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Incredicoaster" title="Incredicoaster">Incredicoaster</a> (<a href="Disney_California_Adventure_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney California Adventure Park">Disney California Adventure Park</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Joker's_Jinx" class="mw-redirect" title="Joker's Jinx">Joker's Jinx</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_America" title="Six Flags America">Six Flags America</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Kingda_Ka" title="Kingda Ka">Kingda Ka</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Great_Adventure" title="Six Flags Great Adventure">Six Flags Great Adventure</a>)(Removed)</li>

<li><a href="Lightning_Rod_(roller_coaster)" title="Lightning Rod (roller coaster)">Lightning Rod</a> (<a href="Dollywood" title="Dollywood">Dollywood</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Maverick_(roller_coaster)" title="Maverick (roller coaster)">Maverick</a> (<a href="Cedar_Point" title="Cedar Point">Cedar Point</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Maxx_Force" title="Maxx Force">Maxx Force</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Great_America" title="Six Flags Great America">Six Flags Great America</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Monsters%2C_Inc._(franchise)#Monsters,_Inc._Door_Coaster" title="Monsters, Inc. (franchise)">Monsters, Inc. Door Coaster</a> (<a href="Disney's_Hollywood_Studios" title="Disney's Hollywood Studios">Disney's Hollywood Studios</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Montezooma's_Revenge" class="mw-redirect" title="Montezooma's Revenge">Montezooma's Revenge</a> (<a href="Knott's_Berry_Farm" title="Knott's Berry Farm">Knott's Berry Farm</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Mr._Freeze_(roller_coaster)" title="Mr. Freeze (roller coaster)">Mr. Freeze</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Over_Texas" title="Six Flags Over Texas">Six Flags Over Texas</a>) (<a href="Six_Flags_St._Louis" title="Six Flags St. Louis">Six Flags St. Louis</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Pantheon_(roller_coaster)" title="Pantheon (roller coaster)">Pantheon</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Williamsburg" title="Busch Gardens Williamsburg">Busch Gardens Williamsburg</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Penguin_Trek" title="Penguin Trek">Penguin Trek</a> (<a href="SeaWorld_Orlando" title="SeaWorld Orlando">SeaWorld Orlando</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Poltergeist_(roller_coaster)" title="Poltergeist (roller coaster)">Poltergeist</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Fiesta_Texas" title="Six Flags Fiesta Texas">Six Flags Fiesta Texas</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Possessed_(roller_coaster)" title="Possessed (roller coaster)">Possessed</a> (<a href="Dorney_Park_%26_Wildwater_Kingdom" title="Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom">Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Revenge_of_the_Mummy%3A_The_Ride" class="mw-redirect" title="Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride">Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride</a> (<a href="Universal_Studios_Florida" title="Universal Studios Florida">Universal Studios Florida</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Rock_'n'_Roller_Coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock 'n' Roller Coaster">Rock 'n' Roller Coaster</a> (<a href="Disney's_Hollywood_Studios" title="Disney's Hollywood Studios">Disney's Hollywood Studios</a>)</li>

<li>Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring the Electric Mayhem (<a href="Disney's_Hollywood_Studios" title="Disney's Hollywood Studios">Disney's Hollywood Studios</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Sandy's_Blasting_Bronco" title="Sandy's Blasting Bronco">Sandy's Blasting Bronco</a> (<a href="Nickelodeon_Universe_American_Dream" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickelodeon Universe American Dream">Nickelodeon Universe American Dream</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Slinky_Dog_Dash" title="Slinky Dog Dash">Slinky Dog Dash</a> (<a href="Disney's_Hollywood_Studios" title="Disney's Hollywood Studios">Disney's Hollywood Studios</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Stardust_Racers" title="Stardust Racers">Stardust Racers</a> (<a href="Universal_Epic_Universe" title="Universal Epic Universe">Universal Epic Universe</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Steel_Venom_(Valleyfair)" title="Steel Venom (Valleyfair)">Steel Venom</a> (<a href="Valleyfair" title="Valleyfair">Valleyfair</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Storm_Runner" title="Storm Runner">Storm Runner</a> (<a href="Hersheypark" title="Hersheypark">Hersheypark</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Superman%3A_Escape_from_Krypton" title="Superman: Escape from Krypton">Superman: Escape from Krypton</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain" title="Six Flags Magic Mountain">Six Flags Magic Mountain</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Tempesto" title="Tempesto">Tempesto</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Williamsburg" title="Busch Gardens Williamsburg">Busch Gardens Williamsburg</a>)</li>

<li><a href="The_Flash%3A_Vertical_Velocity_(Six_Flags_Great_America)" title="The Flash: Vertical Velocity (Six Flags Great America)">The Flash: Vertical Velocity</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Great_America" title="Six Flags Great America">Six Flags Great America</a>)</li>

<li>Timmy's Half Pipe Havoc (<a href="Nickelodeon_Universe_American_Dream" class="mw-redirect" title="Nickelodeon Universe American Dream">Nickelodeon Universe American Dream</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Tigris_(roller_coaster)" title="Tigris (roller coaster)">Tigris</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Tampa_Bay" title="Busch Gardens Tampa Bay">Busch Gardens Tampa Bay</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Top_Thrill_Dragster" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Thrill Dragster">Top Thrill Dragster</a> (<a href="Cedar_Point" title="Cedar Point">Cedar Point</a>)(Reimagined into Top Thrill 2)</li>

<li><a href="Top_Thrill_2" title="Top Thrill 2">Top Thrill 2</a> (<a href="Cedar_Point" title="Cedar Point">Cedar Point</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Tron_Lightcycle_Power_Run" title="Tron Lightcycle Power Run">Tron Lightcycle Power Run</a> (<a href="Magic_Kingdom" title="Magic Kingdom">Magic Kingdom</a>)</li>

<li><a href="VelociCoaster" title="VelociCoaster">VelociCoaster</a> (<a href="Universal_Islands_of_Adventure" title="Universal Islands of Adventure">Universal Islands of Adventure</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Verbolten" title="Verbolten">Verbolten</a> (<a href="Busch_Gardens_Williamsburg" title="Busch Gardens Williamsburg">Busch Gardens Williamsburg</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Volcano%2C_The_Blast_Coaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcano, The Blast Coaster">Volcano</a> (<a href="Kings_Dominion" title="Kings Dominion">Kings Dominion</a>)(Removed)</li>

<li><a href="Wave_Breaker%3A_The_Rescue_Coaster" title="Wave Breaker: The Rescue Coaster">Wave Breaker: The Rescue Coaster</a> (<a href="SeaWorld_San_Antonio" title="SeaWorld San Antonio">SeaWorld San Antonio</a>)</li>

<li><a href="West_Coast_Racers" title="West Coast Racers">West Coast Racers</a> (<a href="Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain" title="Six Flags Magic Mountain">Six Flags Magic Mountain</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Wicked_Twister" title="Wicked Twister">Wicked Twister</a> (<a href="Cedar_Point" title="Cedar Point">Cedar Point</a>)(Removed)</li>

<li><a href="Xcelerator" title="Xcelerator">Xcelerator</a> (<a href="Knott's_Berry_Farm" title="Knott's Berry Farm">Knott's Berry Farm</a>)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFPendrill2008" class="citation journal cs1">Pendrill, Anne-Marie (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1288750">"Acceleration in one two and three dimensions in launched roller coasters"</a>. <i>Physics Education</i>. <b>43</b> (5): 483. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PhyEd..43..483P">2008PhyEd..43..483P</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F0031-9120%2F43%2F5%2F003">10.1088/0031-9120/43/5/003</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060209105325/http://themeparks.about.com/od/photoandvideogallery/ss/KingdaHydraulic.htm">"How Kingda Ka works photos- Pictures of the hydraulics that power Kingda Ka roller coaster at Six Flags Great Adventure, New Jersey"</a>. Themeparks.about.com. 2010-06-19. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://themeparks.about.com/od/photoandvideogallery/ss/KingdaHydraulic.htm">the original</a> on 2006-02-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-12-04</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rcdb.com/7296.htm">"I.E.Park in the roller coaster database"</a>. <i>rcdb.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Launched_roller_coasters" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Launched roller coasters">Launched roller coasters</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schwarzkopf.coaster.net/ESshuttlelooptyp1GF.htm">Counterweight</a> launch system on Schwarzkopf rides</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schwarzkopf.coaster.net/ESshuttlelooptyp2GF.htm">Flywheel</a> launch system on Schwarzkopf rides</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161015175645/http://www.intaminworldwide.com/amusement/RollerCoasters/LSM+Launch+Coaster/tabid/138/ProductNumber/LSM+Launch+Coaster/language/de-DE/Default.aspx">Intamin official website</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Types_of_roller_coaster79" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of <a href="Roller_coaster" title="Roller coaster">roller coaster</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Construction material</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Steel_roller_coaster" title="Steel roller coaster">Steel</a></li>

<li><a href="Wooden_roller_coaster" title="Wooden roller coaster">Wooden</a></li>

<li><a href="Hybrid_roller_coaster" title="Hybrid roller coaster">Hybrid</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Train configuration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fourth-dimension_roller_coaster" title="Fourth-dimension roller coaster">Fourth dimension</a></li>

<li><a href="Bobsled_roller_coaster" title="Bobsled roller coaster">Bobsled</a></li>

<li><a href="Floorless_Coaster" title="Floorless Coaster">Floorless</a></li>

<li><a href="Flying_roller_coaster" title="Flying roller coaster">Flying</a></li>

<li><a href="Inverted_roller_coaster" title="Inverted roller coaster">Inverted</a></li>

<li><a href="Mine_train_roller_coaster" title="Mine train roller coaster">Mine train</a></li>

<li><a href="Motorbike_roller_coaster" title="Motorbike roller coaster">Motorbike</a></li>

<li><a href="Pipeline_roller_coaster" title="Pipeline roller coaster">Pipeline</a></li>

<li><a href="Powered_roller_coaster" title="Powered roller coaster">Powered</a></li>

<li><a href="Side_friction_roller_coaster" title="Side friction roller coaster">Side friction</a></li>

<li><a href="Spinning_roller_coaster" title="Spinning roller coaster">Spinning</a></li>

<li><a href="Stand-up_roller_coaster" title="Stand-up roller coaster">Stand-up</a></li>

<li><a href="Steeplechase_roller_coaster" title="Steeplechase roller coaster">Steeplechase</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspended_roller_coaster" title="Suspended roller coaster">Suspended</a></li>

<li><a href="Summer_toboggan" title="Summer toboggan">Summer toboggan</a></li>

<li><a href="Virginia_Reel_roller_coaster" title="Virginia Reel roller coaster">Virginia Reel</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_coaster_(roller_coaster)" title="Water coaster (roller coaster)">Water</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Track layout</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Boomerang_(roller_coaster)" title="Boomerang (roller coaster)">Boomerang</a></li>

<li><a href="Dual-tracked_roller_coaster" title="Dual-tracked roller coaster">Dual-tracked</a></li>

<li><a href="Figure_8_roller_coaster" title="Figure 8 roller coaster">Figure 8</a></li>

<li><a href="Shuttle_roller_coaster" title="Shuttle roller coaster">Shuttle</a></li>

<li><a href="Terrain_roller_coaster" title="Terrain roller coaster">Terrain</a></li>

<li><a href="Twister_roller_coaster" title="Twister roller coaster">Twister</a></li>

<li><a href="Wild_mouse" title="Wild mouse">Wild mouse</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Intamin155" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Intamin155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Intamin" title="Intamin">Intamin</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="List_of_Intamin_rides" title="List of Intamin rides">List of Intamin rides</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current roller coaster models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Single-rail_roller_coaster" title="Single-rail roller coaster">Hot Racer</a></li>

<li><a href="Impulse_roller_coaster" title="Impulse roller coaster">Impulse</a></li>

<li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#LIM_/_LSM">LSM Launch</a></li>

<li><a href="Mine_train_roller_coaster" title="Mine train roller coaster">Mine train</a></li>

<li><a href="Motorbike_roller_coaster" title="Motorbike roller coaster">MotorBike</a></li>

<li><a href="Colossus_(Thorpe_Park)" title="Colossus (Thorpe Park)">Multi Inversion Coaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Wooden_roller_coaster#Prefabricated_track" title="Wooden roller coaster">Prefabricated Wooden</a></li>

<li><a href="Shuttle_roller_coaster#Linear_motor_launched_shuttle_coasters" title="Shuttle roller coaster">Reverse Free Fall Coaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Spinning_roller_coaster" title="Spinning roller coaster">Spinning</a></li>

<li><a href="Surfrider" class="mw-redirect" title="Surfrider">Surf Rider</a></li>

<li><a href="Inverted_roller_coaster" title="Inverted roller coaster">Suspended</a></li>

<li><a href="Fahrenheit_(roller_coaster)" title="Fahrenheit (roller coaster)">Vertical Lift</a></li>

<li><a href="Water_coaster_(roller_coaster)" title="Water coaster (roller coaster)">Water</a></li>

<li><a href="Skyrush" title="Skyrush">Wing Coaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Furius_Baco" title="Furius Baco">Wing Rider</a></li>

<li><a href="Wooden_roller_coaster" title="Wooden roller coaster">Wooden</a></li>

<li><a href="ZacSpin" class="mw-redirect" title="ZacSpin">ZacSpin</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued roller coaster models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Accelerator_Coaster" title="Accelerator Coaster">Accelerator</a></li>

<li><a href="Bobsled_roller_coaster" title="Bobsled roller coaster">Bobsled</a></li>

<li><a href="Flashback_(Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain)" title="Flashback (Six Flags Magic Mountain)">Space Diver</a></li>

<li><a href="Polercoaster" title="Polercoaster">Polercoaster</a> (in association with US Thrill Rides)</li>

<li><a href="Stand-up_roller_coaster" title="Stand-up roller coaster">Stand-up</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other current rides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pirate_ship_(ride)" title="Pirate ship (ride)">Bounty</a></li>

<li><a href="Log_flume_(ride)" title="Log flume (ride)">Flume Ride</a></li>

<li><a href="Flying_Scooters" title="Flying Scooters">Flying Dutchman</a></li>

<li><a href="Drop_tower" title="Drop tower">Giant Drop</a></li>

<li><a href="Gyro_Swing" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyro Swing">Gyro Swing</a></li>

<li><a href="Gyro_tower" title="Gyro tower">Gyro tower</a></li>

<li><a href="Shoot_the_Chute" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoot the Chute">Hyper Splash</a></li>

<li><a href="Looping_Starship" title="Looping Starship">Looping Starship</a></li>

<li><a href="Shoot_the_Chute" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoot the Chute">Mega Splash</a></li>

<li><a href="River_rapids_ride" title="River rapids ride">Rapid Ride</a></li>

<li><a href="Shoot_the_Chute" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoot the Chute">Super Splash</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other discontinued rides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Intamin#Ferris_wheels" title="Intamin">Double and triple Ferris wheels</a></li>

<li><a href="Freefall_(ride)" title="Freefall (ride)">Freefall</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable rides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alpine_Bobsled" title="Alpine Bobsled">Alpine Bobsled</a></li>

<li><a href="American_Eagle_(roller_coaster)" title="American Eagle (roller coaster)">American Eagle</a></li>

<li><a href="Colossos_(Heide_Park)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colossos (Heide Park)">Colossos</a></li>

<li><a href="Colossus_(Thorpe_Park)" title="Colossus (Thorpe Park)">Colossus</a></li>

<li><a href="Demon_Drop" title="Demon Drop">Demon Drop</a></li>

<li><a href="Disaster_Transport" title="Disaster Transport">Disaster Transport</a></li>

<li><a href="Escape_from_Pompeii" title="Escape from Pompeii">Escape from Pompeii</a></li>

<li><a href="Falcon's_Fury" title="Falcon's Fury">Falcon's Fury</a></li>

<li><a href="Formula_Rossa" title="Formula Rossa">Formula Rossa</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Giant_Drop" title="The Giant Drop">The Giant Drop</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_Lantern%3A_First_Flight_(roller_coaster)" title="Green Lantern: First Flight (roller coaster)">Green Lantern: First Flight</a></li>

<li><a href="Hagrid's_Magical_Creatures_Motorbike_Adventure" title="Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure">Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure</a></li>

<li><a href="Incredicoaster" title="Incredicoaster">Incredicoaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Indiana_Jones_et_le_Temple_du_P%C3%A9ril" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril">Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril</a></li>

<li><a href="Insane_(Gr%C3%B6na_Lund)" title="Insane (Gröna Lund)">Insane</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_305" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 305">Project 305</a></li>

<li><a href="Jupiter_(roller_coaster)" title="Jupiter (roller coaster)">Jupiter</a></li>

<li><a href="Kingda_Ka" title="Kingda Ka">Kingda Ka</a></li>

<li><a href="Kirnu" title="Kirnu">Kirnu</a></li>

<li><a href="Maverick_(roller_coaster)" title="Maverick (roller coaster)">Maverick</a></li>

<li><a href="Millennium_Force" title="Millennium Force">Millennium Force</a></li>

<li><a href="Pantheon_(roller_coaster)" title="Pantheon (roller coaster)">Pantheon</a></li>

<li><a href="Pegasus_(Efteling)" title="Pegasus (Efteling)">Pegasus</a></li>

<li><a href="Possessed_(roller_coaster)" title="Possessed (roller coaster)">Possessed</a></li>

<li><a href="Shockwave_(Drayton_Manor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shockwave (Drayton Manor)">Shockwave</a></li>

<li><a href="Sky_Whirl" title="Sky Whirl">Sky Whirl</a></li>

<li><a href="Skyrush" title="Skyrush">Skyrush</a></li>

<li><a href="Slinky_Dog_Zigzag_Spin" title="Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin">Slinky Dog Zigzag Spin</a></li>

<li><a href="Stealth_(roller_coaster)" title="Stealth (roller coaster)">Stealth</a></li>

<li><a href="Storm_Runner" title="Storm Runner">Storm Runner</a></li>

<li><a href="Superman%3A_Escape_from_Krypton" title="Superman: Escape from Krypton">Superman: Escape from Krypton</a></li>

<li><a href="Superman_The_Ride" title="Superman The Ride">Superman The Ride</a></li>

<li><a href="Swiss_Bob" title="Swiss Bob">Swiss Bob</a></li>

<li><a href="Thirteen_(roller_coaster)" title="Thirteen (roller coaster)">Thirteen</a></li>

<li><a href="Thunder_River_(ride)" title="Thunder River (ride)">Thunder River</a></li>

<li><a href="Top_Thrill_2" title="Top Thrill 2">Top Thrill Dragster</a></li>

<li><a href="Toutatis_(roller_coaster)" title="Toutatis (roller coaster)">Toutatis</a></li>

<li><a href="Tower_of_Terror_II" title="Tower of Terror II">Tower of Terror II</a></li>

<li><a href="La_Vibora" title="La Vibora">La Vibora</a></li>

<li><a href="VelociCoaster" title="VelociCoaster">VelociCoaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Volcano%3A_The_Blast_Coaster" title="Volcano: The Blast Coaster">Volcano: The Blast Coaster</a></li>

<li><a href="Wicked_Twister" title="Wicked Twister">Wicked Twister</a></li>

<li><a href="Wilderness_Run" title="Wilderness Run">Wilderness Run</a></li>

<li><a href="Woodstock's_Express_(California's_Great_America)" title="Woodstock's Express (California's Great America)">Woodstock's Express</a></li>

<li><a href="Xcelerator" title="Xcelerator">Xcelerator</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vekoma243" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Vekoma243" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Vekoma" title="Vekoma">Vekoma</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current roller coaster models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thrill</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Boomerang_(roller_coaster)" title="Boomerang (roller coaster)">Boomerang</a></li>

<li><a href="Flying_roller_coaster#Vekoma" title="Flying roller coaster">Flying Dutchman</a></li>

<li><a href="Giant_Inverted_Boomerang" title="Giant Inverted Boomerang">Giant Inverted Boomerang</a></li>

<li><a href="Invertigo_(roller_coaster)" title="Invertigo (roller coaster)">Invertigo</a></li>

<li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#LIM_/_LSM">LSM Launch</a></li>

<li>Suspended Thrill Coaster</li>

<li><a href="Vekoma_wooden_roller_coaster" title="Vekoma wooden roller coaster">Wooden</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Boomerang_(roller_coaster)#Family_Boomerang" title="Boomerang (roller coaster)">Family Boomerang</a></li>

<li><a href="Vekoma_Junior_Coaster" title="Vekoma Junior Coaster">Junior</a></li>

<li><a href="Mine_train_roller_coaster" title="Mine train roller coaster">Mine train</a></li>

<li><a href="Motorbike_roller_coaster#Vekoma" title="Motorbike roller coaster">Motorbike launch</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspended_Family_Coaster" title="Suspended Family Coaster">Suspended Family</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current ride models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Vekoma#Ferris_wheel_models" title="Vekoma">Dutch Wheels (R40, R50, R60)</a></li>

<li><a href="Madhouse_(ride)" title="Madhouse (ride)">Madhouse</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued roller coaster models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="X%3A%5C_No_Way_Out" class="mw-redirect" title="X:\ No Way Out">Enigma</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Jester_(roller_coaster)" title="The Jester (roller coaster)">Hurricane</a></li>

<li><a href="Vekoma_Illusion" title="Vekoma Illusion">Illusion</a></li>

<li><a href="Suspended_Looping_Coaster" title="Suspended Looping Coaster">Suspended Looping</a></li>

<li><a href="Wild_Mouse_(Idlewild)" title="Wild Mouse (Idlewild)">Wild Mouse</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vekoma.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>

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